Below are the list of Networking Interview Questions and their Answers that are frequently asked in any Networking interviews of companies.

Q1)What are the different type of networking / internetworking devices?

Ans - There are some type of networking and internetworking devices as follows:

i)Repeater: Also called a regenerator, it is an electronic device that operates only at physical layer. It receives the signal in the network before it becomes weak, regenerates

the original bit pattern and puts the refreshed copy back in to the link.

Bridges: These operate both in the physical and data link layers of LANs of same type.

They divide a larger network in to smaller segments. They contain logic that allow them to keep the traffic for each segment separate and thus are repeaters that relay a frame only the side of the segment containing the intended recipient and control congestion. 

ii)Routers: They relay packets among multiple interconnected networks (i.e. LANs of different type). They operate in the physical, data link and network layers. They contain software that enable them to determine which of the several possible paths is the best for

a particular transmission.

iii)Gateways: They relay packets among networks that have different protocols (e.g. between a LAN and a WAN). They accept a packet formatted for one protocol and convert

it to a packet formatted for another protocol before forwarding it. They operate in all seven layers of the OSI model.

Q2)What is difference between baseband and broadband transmission.

Ans - In a baseband transmission, the entire bandwidth of the cable is consumed by a single signal. In broadband transmission, signals are sent on multiple frequencies, allowing multiple signals to be sent simultaneously.

Q3) Which Internet layer protocol is used by Ping?

Ans -Ping use ICMP message to check the connectivity. ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is a management protocol and messaging service provider for IP. It is used to carried out messages as IP datagrams.

ICMP is used for:

i) Hops - Each IP datagram is assigned a path. This consists of hops. If it goes through the maximum number of hops, the packet is discarded and the discarding router sends an ICMP echo to the host.

ii) Buffer Full - If a routers memory buffer is full ICMP will send out a message to the originator.

iii) Destination Unreachable - If a router cannot send an IP packet any further, it uses an ICMP echo to send a message back to the sender notifying it that the remote node is unreachable.

Q4) What is the Network Time Protocol?

Ans - The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a protocol for synchronizing the clocks of computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks. NTP uses UDP as its transport layer. It is designed particularly to resist the effects of variable latency.

Q5) Describe about point-to-point protocol.

Ans - A communications protocol used to connect computers to remote networking services including Internet service providers.

Q6) What is the MAC address?

Ans - The address for a device as it is identified at the Media Access Control (MAC) layer in the network architecture. MAC address is usually stored in ROM on the network adapter card and is unique.

Q7) What do you mean by ICMP?

Ans - ICMP is Internet Control Message Protocol, a network layer protocol of the TCP/IP suite used by hosts and gateways to send notification of datagram problems back to the sender. It uses the echo test / reply to test whether a destination is reachable and responding. It also handles both control and error messages.

Q8) Explain the difference between routable and non- routable protocols.

Ans - Routable protocols can work with a router and can be used to build large networks. Non-Routable protocols are designed to work on small, local networks and cannot be used with a router.

Q9) What is multicast routing?

Ans - Sending a message to a group is called multicasting, and its routing algorithm is called multicast routing.

Q10) What is Mail Gateway?

Ans - Mail Gateway is a system that performs a protocol translation between different electronic mail delivery protocols.